Which of the following should evaluations of student learning be based on?

Evaluations of student learning should encompass a comprehensive range of data and evidence to accurately reflect a student's understanding and progress. Relying solely on one method, such as test scores or teacher observations, provides an incomplete picture of a student's abilities and learning journey.

Incorporating multiple facets—such as test scores, attendance, and observations—allows educators to assess not only what students know, but also the context of their learning experiences and engagement. For instance, attendance can impact a student's performance and understanding, while teacher observations can provide insights into a student’s engagement, participation, and social skills within the classroom. This holistic approach ensures that evaluations are fair, reliable, and aligned with the diverse ways in which students learn.

Thus, the most effective evaluations recognize that each of these elements contributes uniquely to understanding student learning, reinforcing the importance of a multifaceted assessment strategy.